What Is a QD-OLED Display?

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What Is a QD-OLED Display? – Guide

OLED displays are made from organic emitter materials – and are becoming increasingly popular as these state-of-the-art displays offer excellent image quality and new formats. Quantum dots are tiny particles with excellent photonic emission properties – and are widely used in many LCD monitors today as the QD functions allow blue LED light to be converted into red and green light to create better-than-usual color displays. white. Backlit LCDs. QD particles can also be used to create emissive displays, where the QDs themselves emit light – read more about QD displays here.

How does OLED work?

OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) is a type of display that uses an organic carbon-based film through which two conductors carry a current, causing it to emit light. To create an image, an OLED television combines blue and yellow light from OLED sources to create off-white light. This is then passed through a custom color filter. up of red, blue and green subpixels.

In contrast to conventional LCD televisions, which have a separate backlight that passes through a layer of pixels, each individual pixel in an OLED can provide brightness and image generation. Since each pixel is its own light source and can be completely dimmed if necessary, one bright pixel can appear close to black without affecting the other, creating the extraordinary overall contrast that OLEDs are rightly known for.

And that’s not the only benefit. As the image does not need to go through an LCD matrix, the viewing angles are wide, while the overall construction of an OLED TV is thin and light due to its simple structure.

The downside of OLED TVs is that they have difficulty getting the same peak brightness as even an average backlit model, as each pixel is limited by its size, the amount of light it can produce, and the amount of energy absorbed by the filters. by heart. To fix this, LG started using a WRGB pixel structure – adding a white subpixel to try to increase brightness. Unfortunately, this has disadvantages and can fade the color of other subpixels. As the organic material in OLEDs is not permanently stable, their lifespan decreases in inverse proportion to the brightness they should generate. Pressing the white subpixel may shorten the TV’s lifespan.

A slightly more controversial issue with OLEDs is that the organic nature of the panel is potentially prone to image residue and even burnout. However, this is not the widespread problem presented by some (including Samsung), and we haven’t seen it in any of the OLEDs that we’ve tested or that were used by our testers in home. But, understandably, it’s still an issue for some buyers, and companies take it seriously enough to incorporate features to reduce the risk of this happening.

As mentioned earlier, LG is the only OLED TV panel manufacturer. Naturally, it uses them in its own devices, but it also sells panels to other manufacturers, such as Sony, Panasonic and Philips. After a brief foray into the world of OLEDs in 2013, Samsung has focused on developing competing technologies such as QLED. The company is known to have deliberately fueled consumer doubts about the reliability of OLEDs, even developing a TV burn verification tool and encouraging affected customers to swap their OLEDs for a QLED.

How does QLED work?

QLED stands for Quantum dot Light Emitting Diode and is designed to recreate the best image quality features of OLED (super-deep blacks, incredible contrast, wide viewing angles) along with far superior brightness and colors. A QLED uses an LED backlight, a layer of quantum dots, an LCD matrix and a color filter to create an image.

Quantum dots in QLEDs are tiny semiconductor particles just a few nanometers in size. Dots convert white light to colored light without any loss of energy. The resulting color depends on the size of the quantum dot itself – the larger ones emit light at the red end of the spectrum, the smaller ones at the blue end.

In the future, engineers hope to make these semiconductors, like OLED and MicroLED technology, self-emitting, but currently they rely on being lit by an external source.

The advantage of quantum dots is that they offer significantly enhanced colors, both compared to conventional LCDs and possibly compared to OLEDs. At the same time, the backlighting and energy efficiency of the dots create brightness levels that the OLED cannot match. However, it still cannot match the deep blacks of an OLED as light can pass from white areas to adjacent dark pixels.

Samsung has tried to increase the contrast of its models by reducing the backlight and switching from standard LEDs to minileds in its premium “Neo QLED” televisions. As the name suggests, these backlights use much smaller LEDs that are packaged in much larger quantities to allow for more independent dimming zones. These LEDs are so small they look like grains of sand, but for the ultimate in precise dimming, the pixel-sized backlight seems unbeatable.

How does QD-OLED technology work?

QD OLEDs use a pile of blue OLED material to illuminate pixels that contain red and green quantum dots. Each OLED pixel is divided into three subpixels: a blue subpixel made from the original blue OLED material, a red subpixel with quantum dots corresponding to red, and a green subpixel created by a corresponding quantum dot. They can then be combined to create true white light.

In contrast to the use of filters, the color transformations of quantum dots lose virtually no light energy. With this method of OLED lighting, new QD OLEDs should look brighter than current OLED televisions and still be able to be fully dimmed. So why don’t OLEDs just use red, blue and green emitting material and eliminate light attenuating filters? This is mainly due to the practicality of making true RGB panels in the sizes required for modern televisions. In fact, Samsung’s only OLED, the S9C, tried to do this, but it was deemed commercially unprofitable before it was quickly withdrawn.

If successful, QD OLEDs can provide the contrast of the OLED and the brightness and vibration of the QLED. Samsung says its 4K resolution QD OLEDs will have approximately 8.3 million (3840 x 2160) separately controllable light sources that enable a high contrast ratio of 1,000,000:1 and offer enhanced and better image detail HDR performance. In terms of color, the company claims that the QD-OLED will offer one of the broadest expressions of color among its current monitors. Based on the BT.2020 specification, QD-OLED will express more than 80% of the color volume, apparently providing 0.0005 black nits and 1000 peak white nits.

How much will QD-OLEDs cost?

Insiders have suggested that QD OLED TVs will fall between Samsung’s superpremium six-digit MicroLED TVs and its QLED lines, meaning they are likely more expensive than LG’s OLED TVs. According to reports, QD OLEDs will initially hit the market in 55-inch and 65-inch sizes, with models larger than 70 inches arriving at a later date without knowing whether they are configured for 4K or 8K.

Samsung Displays is believed to have invested $11.7 billion in QD technologies since 2019. With the company planning to phase out LCD production by 2022, it will certainly be looking for a sizable return on investment in its new venture. As QD OLEDs are simpler in design and use fewer materials, production costs could theoretically fall below OLEDs, which, in the long run, could make them cheaper.

At Sony, prices are also TBC, but the A95K will replace the A90J, which comes in 55-inch sizes for £2,699 and £3,499 for a 65-inch screen cost.

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